Series 02 - Missionary resources

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Missionary resources

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  • Textual record
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02

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Physical description

25 cm textual records
3 objects

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Name of creator

(June 21, 1840 - January 13, 1914)

Biographical history

Rev. Thomas Crosby, son of Thomas Crosby and Mary Ward, was born in Pickering, Yorkshire, England on June 21, 1840. In 1856, Crosby migrated to Canada with his parents, settling near Woodstock, Upper Canada. In 1858 he joined the Wesleyan Methodist Church and became a preacher. In 1861, Crosby was working as a tanner in Woodstock when he read a call in the Methodist Christian Guardian (Toronto) for missionaries to work on the west coast. He left his job and paid his own way to Vancouver Island, arriving in Victoria in 1862.

In 1863, Crosby worked as an assistant to Cornelius Bryant at a Methodist mission in Nanaimo. In Nanaimo, Crosby met his first protégé Santana (later renamed to David Sallosalton) who joined Crosby in his efforts. Crosby and David lived and worked together. David was well known for his “Steamboat Whistle Sermon” but passed away in 1873 at the age of 19 from tuberculosis. In 1869, he was moved to the missions on the lower mainland, where Chilliwack was his home base. His success was rewarded in 1871 with ordination to the ministry in the Wesleyan Methodist Church in Canada. In the winter of 1873–74, Rev. Crosby toured Ontario to raise funds for missions and to search for a wife.

Emma Jane Douse, daughter of John Douse and Eliza Milner, was born on April 14, 1849 in Cobourg, Ontario. Her father, John Douse, had emigrated from England in the early 1830s to convert the Six Nations, and by Emma's birth in 1849 was a highly respected Methodist minister in Ontario. Emma trained at Hamilton's Wesleyan Female College, an institution offering higher learning for women in literature and classics. After completing her education, Emma became a teacher at Wesleyan Female College. In late January 1874, Rev. Crosby spoke at Emma’s College about supporting the missionary effort. Short weeks after meeting Rev. Crosby, she wrote home to her mother and expressed her desire to travel with him to British Columbia. Rev. Crosby and Emma married on April 30, 1874 in Cobourg, Ontario.

Following their marriage, Rev. Crosby and Emma traveled to Fort Simpson (from 1880, known as Port Simpson) near present day Prince Rupert at the invitation of the Tsimshian people. For the next quarter of a century they lived among the Tsimshian people, whose territory stretches between the Nass and Skeena rivers. Rev. Crosby and Emma set up schools and boarding homes for the Tsimshian children. Rev. Crosby and other missionaries encouraged single-family homes over multi-family homes and patriarchal succession over matrilineal family concepts. In 1880, a village council was established to replace native forms of government and Rev. Crosby acted as head of the council. In 1876, a large frame church was completed to symbolize Rev. Crosby’s efforts. During his tenure there were major revivals, each lasting several months, in 1874–75, 1877, 1881–82, and 1892–93.

In addition to his work at Port Simpson, Rev. Crosby established an itinerancy system along the coast from Bella Bella in the south to villages along the Nass and Skeena rivers in the north. It frequently required up to 1,000 miles of travel per year and was initially served by canoe. In November 1884, the mission acquired a ship, the Glad Tidings.

Rev. Crosby and Emma had seven daughters (Jessie, Grace, Ida Mary, Gertrude Louise, and three others) and one son (Thomas Harold). The mortality rate among the Tsimshian was high, and four of his daughters died at Port Simpson, three of them from diphtheria in 1885 and 1886; Emma was also in poor health.

In 1894, Rev. Crosby was appointed superintendent of Indian missions in British Columbia for the Methodist Church. Rev. Crosby and his family left Port Simpson in 1897 for Victoria, where he also assumed the chairmanship of the British Columbia Conference. His health was beginning to decline, and he suffered especially from a growing problem with asthma. From 1899 to 1907 he ran the missions at Sardis and Chilliwack; he then retired to Vancouver. Rev. Crosby became well known for this missionary work. He was superannuated in 1907 and moved to New Westminster. In failing health, he moved to Vancouver and passed away January 13, 1914; his wife Emma, passed away on August 11, 1926 in Sidney British Columbia.

Thomas Crosby is the author of David Sallosalton ([1906?]), Among the An-ko-me-nums, or Flathead tribes of Indians of the Pacific coast (1907), and Up and down the North Pacific coast by canoe and mission ship ([1914]), all published in Toronto.

Custodial history

Scope and content

Series consist of bibles, hymns, and scriptures referred to throughout Rev. Crosby’s personal and missionary activities. Series includes ephemera removed from The Holy Bible Old & New Testaments. Ephemera consists of documents such as: a letter from The Lord’s Day Alliance of Canada; a letter from the Department of Temperance, Prohibition and Moral Reform of the Methodist Church; a small flower cut-out; a note written by Crosby regarding population sizes; and articles titled “Heaven: What is it like,” “Trusting the Weaver,” “Good Resolutions/ Liquor Arithmetic – Object Lesson,” “Mission Work in British Columbia,” “Guardian” (written by Crosby), “Holiness in San Antonio,” “The Young Disciple,” “The Wealth of the West and the Safety of the Sabbath,” and “Calvary/Eternity.” Series also includes two embroidered and one non-embroidered fabric strips used as bookmarks.

ITEM LIST (with box-folder number, title, and dates):
3 [Oversized box] : Methodist Hymn Book, [186-] – [191-]
3 [Oversized box] : Holy Bible Maps, [186-] – [191-]
3 [Oversized box] : Hymns Ancient & Modern No.34, 1860 – 1871
3 [Oversized box] : A New Concordance to the Holy Scriptures, 1874
3 [Oversized box] : Holy Bible Old & New Testaments, [186-] – [191-]
3 [Oversized box] : Thomas Crosby Friendship’s Gift [embroidered bookmark], [186-] – [191-]
2-15 : Missionary resources – Ephemera, 1874 – [191-]
2-16 : Missionary resources – bookmarks, 1863 – [191-]

Notes area

Physical condition

Several materials show evidence of pest damage, deterioration, staining, and damaged book spines.

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No original order, the materials were arranged by the Archivist.

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General note

The dates are estimated based on the annotations inscribed in two of the book covers, publication dates, and the biographical sketch.

Conservation

Following the Museum’s pest mitigation policy, the materials underwent short-term freezing. Ephemera, the non-embroidered red fabric strip and the embroidered “Papa” fabric strip used as bookmarks were removed from the Holy Bible Old & New Testaments and separated.

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physical storage

  • Box: Reverend Thomas Crosby fonds Box 2
  • Box: Reverend Thomas Crosby fonds Box 3